"fole" meaning in Middle English

See fole in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /foːl/ Forms: foul [alternative], fol [alternative], fool [alternative], fule [alternative], ffuyll [alternative], foole [alternative], ffoole [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Old French fol, from Latin follis. Etymology templates: {{bor+|enm|fro|fol}} Borrowed from Old French fol, {{der|enm|la|follis}} Latin follis Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} fole, {{enm-adj}} fole
  1. Foolish, moronic, idiotic, ridiculous.
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-adj-enm:foolish
  2. Evil, iniquitous, malign, devilish.
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-adj-X7C00Czz
  3. Sexually deviant, immoral or sinful.
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-adj-AKjgJ0xy Categories (other): Sex Disambiguation of Sex: 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /foːl/ Forms: foles [plural], foul [alternative], fol [alternative], fool [alternative], fule [alternative], ffuyll [alternative], foole [alternative], ffoole [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Old French fol, from Latin follis. Etymology templates: {{bor+|enm|fro|fol}} Borrowed from Old French fol, {{der|enm|la|follis}} Latin follis Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} fole, {{enm-noun|pl=foles}} fole (plural foles)
  1. A fool, idiot, or moron; somebody who is stupid or unthinking.
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-noun-enm:fool
  2. An entertainer or joker; somebody who is employed to provide amusement.
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-noun-VmtD6nZr Categories (other): Entertainment Disambiguation of Entertainment: 6 6 6 6 11 3 3 6 6 6 19 16 9
  3. (rare) Someone who is incapacitated or shocked; someone whose idiocy is temporary. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-noun-axbErQ2a Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 22 25 31 21 0 0 0 0 2 0
  4. (rare) A victim of a scam or trick; someone who is fooled. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-noun-8uazIVFL
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: folen, folisch, folliche, folye
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈfɔːl(ə)/ Forms: foles [plural], fool [alternative], foole [alternative], ffoole [alternative], fowle [alternative], foale [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English fola, from Proto-West Germanic *folō, from Proto-Germanic *fulô. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|fola}} Old English fola, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*folō}} Proto-West Germanic *folō, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*fulô}} Proto-Germanic *fulô Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} fole, {{enm-noun|pl=foles}} fole (plural foles)
  1. A foal (a young horse).
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-noun-enm:foal Categories (other): Horses Disambiguation of Horses: 3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12
  2. A horse regardless of its age.
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-noun-VoDBVTOT Categories (other): Horses Disambiguation of Horses: 3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12
  3. The young of any other mammal, including the human being.
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-noun-lyfZhtdn
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} fole
  1. alternative form of folen (“to foal”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: folen (extra: to foal)
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-verb-enm:to_foal Categories (other): Entertainment, Horses Disambiguation of Entertainment: 6 6 6 6 11 3 3 6 6 6 19 16 9 Disambiguation of Horses: 3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12
  2. inflection of folen (“to foal”):
    first-person singular present indicative
    Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: folen (extra: (“to foal”):)
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-verb-kCTpn9jp Categories (other): Pages with 7 entries, Pages with entries, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Baby animals, Entertainment, Horses, Occupations Disambiguation of Pages with 7 entries: 4 1 19 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 18 12 2 2 2 2 2 0 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 1 15 17 0 1 0 1 0 1 5 1 0 4 1 24 16 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 2 4 3 4 3 6 7 3 1 5 5 34 23 Disambiguation of Baby animals: 2 2 2 3 1 1 7 2 2 11 1 39 25 Disambiguation of Entertainment: 6 6 6 6 11 3 3 6 6 6 19 16 9 Disambiguation of Horses: 3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12 Disambiguation of Occupations: 2 2 4 8 9 9 10 2 2 7 1 26 17
  3. inflection of folen (“to foal”):
    first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
    Tags: first-person, form-of, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive, third-person Form of: folen (extra: (“to foal”):)
    Sense id: en-fole-enm-verb-jddvUtja Categories (other): Pages with 7 entries, Horses Disambiguation of Pages with 7 entries: 4 1 19 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 18 12 2 2 2 2 2 0 2 Disambiguation of Horses: 3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "folen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "folisch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "folliche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "folye"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "fool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "fuil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "feul"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fule"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fuil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "ffôl"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French fol",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fol, from Latin follis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fol",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fool",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fule",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffuyll",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffoole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "foles"
      },
      "expansion": "fole (plural foles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A fool, idiot, or moron; somebody who is stupid or unthinking."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-noun-enm:fool",
      "links": [
        [
          "fool",
          "fool"
        ],
        [
          "idiot",
          "idiot"
        ],
        [
          "moron",
          "moron"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:fool"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 6 11 3 3 6 6 6 19 16 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Entertainment",
          "orig": "enm:Entertainment",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An entertainer or joker; somebody who is employed to provide amusement."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-noun-VmtD6nZr",
      "links": [
        [
          "entertainer",
          "entertainer"
        ],
        [
          "joker",
          "joker"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 22 25 31 21 0 0 0 0 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Someone who is incapacitated or shocked; someone whose idiocy is temporary."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-noun-axbErQ2a",
      "links": [
        [
          "incapacitated",
          "incapacitated"
        ],
        [
          "shocked",
          "shocked"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Someone who is incapacitated or shocked; someone whose idiocy is temporary."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A victim of a scam or trick; someone who is fooled."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-noun-8uazIVFL",
      "links": [
        [
          "victim",
          "victim"
        ],
        [
          "scam",
          "scam"
        ],
        [
          "trick",
          "trick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A victim of a scam or trick; someone who is fooled."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/foːl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fule"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fuil"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French fol",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fol, from Latin follis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fol",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fool",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fule",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffuyll",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffoole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Foolish, moronic, idiotic, ridiculous."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-adj-enm:foolish",
      "links": [
        [
          "moronic",
          "moronic"
        ],
        [
          "idiotic",
          "idiotic"
        ],
        [
          "ridiculous",
          "ridiculous"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:foolish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Evil, iniquitous, malign, devilish."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-adj-X7C00Czz",
      "links": [
        [
          "iniquitous",
          "iniquitous"
        ],
        [
          "malign",
          "malign"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sex",
          "orig": "enm:Sex",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Sexually deviant, immoral or sinful."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-adj-AKjgJ0xy",
      "links": [
        [
          "deviant",
          "deviant"
        ],
        [
          "immoral",
          "immoral"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/foːl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "foal"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fole"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "foill"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "voal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "fola"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fola",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*folō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *folō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fulô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fulô",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English fola, from Proto-West Germanic *folō, from Proto-Germanic *fulô.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fool",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffoole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fowle",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "foles"
      },
      "expansion": "fole (plural foles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Horses",
          "orig": "enm:Horses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A foal (a young horse)."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-noun-enm:foal",
      "links": [
        [
          "foal",
          "foal"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:foal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Horses",
          "orig": "enm:Horses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A horse regardless of its age."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-noun-VoDBVTOT",
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The young of any other mammal, including the human being."
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-noun-lyfZhtdn",
      "links": [
        [
          "young",
          "young"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to foal",
          "word": "folen"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 6 11 3 3 6 6 6 19 16 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Entertainment",
          "orig": "enm:Entertainment",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Horses",
          "orig": "enm:Horses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of folen (“to foal”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-verb-enm:to_foal",
      "links": [
        [
          "folen",
          "folen#Middle_English:_to_foal"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:to foal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 1 19 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 18 12 2 2 2 2 2 0 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 7 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 1 15 17 0 1 0 1 0 1 5 1 0 4 1 24 16 1 1 1 1 1 0 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 3 4 3 6 7 3 1 5 5 34 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 2 3 1 1 7 2 2 11 1 39 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Baby animals",
          "orig": "enm:Baby animals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 6 11 3 3 6 6 6 19 16 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Entertainment",
          "orig": "enm:Entertainment",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Horses",
          "orig": "enm:Horses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 4 8 9 9 10 2 2 7 1 26 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "enm:Occupations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“to foal”):",
          "word": "folen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of folen (“to foal”):",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-verb-kCTpn9jp",
      "links": [
        [
          "folen",
          "folen#Middle_English:_to_foal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 1 19 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 18 12 2 2 2 2 2 0 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 7 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 7 3 6 4 6 5 16 13 3 11 14 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Horses",
          "orig": "enm:Horses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“to foal”):",
          "word": "folen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of folen (“to foal”):",
        "first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive"
      ],
      "id": "en-fole-enm-verb-jddvUtja",
      "links": [
        [
          "folen",
          "folen#Middle_English:_to_foal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Baby animals",
    "enm:Entertainment",
    "enm:Horses",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Sex"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "folen"
    },
    {
      "word": "folisch"
    },
    {
      "word": "folliche"
    },
    {
      "word": "folye"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "fool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "fuil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "feul"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fule"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fuil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "ffôl"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French fol",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fol, from Latin follis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fol",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fool",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fule",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffuyll",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffoole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "foles"
      },
      "expansion": "fole (plural foles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A fool, idiot, or moron; somebody who is stupid or unthinking."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fool",
          "fool"
        ],
        [
          "idiot",
          "idiot"
        ],
        [
          "moron",
          "moron"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:fool"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An entertainer or joker; somebody who is employed to provide amusement."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "entertainer",
          "entertainer"
        ],
        [
          "joker",
          "joker"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Someone who is incapacitated or shocked; someone whose idiocy is temporary."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "incapacitated",
          "incapacitated"
        ],
        [
          "shocked",
          "shocked"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Someone who is incapacitated or shocked; someone whose idiocy is temporary."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A victim of a scam or trick; someone who is fooled."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "victim",
          "victim"
        ],
        [
          "scam",
          "scam"
        ],
        [
          "trick",
          "trick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A victim of a scam or trick; someone who is fooled."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/foːl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Baby animals",
    "enm:Entertainment",
    "enm:Horses",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Sex"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fule"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fuil"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fol"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French fol",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "follis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin follis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fol, from Latin follis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foul",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fol",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fool",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fule",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffuyll",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffoole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Foolish, moronic, idiotic, ridiculous."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "moronic",
          "moronic"
        ],
        [
          "idiotic",
          "idiotic"
        ],
        [
          "ridiculous",
          "ridiculous"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:foolish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Evil, iniquitous, malign, devilish."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "iniquitous",
          "iniquitous"
        ],
        [
          "malign",
          "malign"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Sexually deviant, immoral or sinful."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deviant",
          "deviant"
        ],
        [
          "immoral",
          "immoral"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/foːl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Baby animals",
    "enm:Entertainment",
    "enm:Horses",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Sex"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "foal"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "fole"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "foill"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "voal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "fola"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fola",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*folō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *folō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fulô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fulô",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English fola, from Proto-West Germanic *folō, from Proto-Germanic *fulô.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "foles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fool",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ffoole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fowle",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "foles"
      },
      "expansion": "fole (plural foles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A foal (a young horse)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "foal",
          "foal"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:foal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A horse regardless of its age."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The young of any other mammal, including the human being."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "young",
          "young"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Baby animals",
    "enm:Entertainment",
    "enm:Horses",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Sex"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "fole",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to foal",
          "word": "folen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of folen (“to foal”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "folen",
          "folen#Middle_English:_to_foal"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:to foal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“to foal”):",
          "word": "folen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of folen (“to foal”):",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "folen",
          "folen#Middle_English:_to_foal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English singular subjunctive forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“to foal”):",
          "word": "folen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of folen (“to foal”):",
        "first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "folen",
          "folen#Middle_English:_to_foal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fole"
}

Download raw JSONL data for fole meaning in Middle English (8.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.